The
CBO generally performs careful, in depth analyses – but their approach is susceptible to inaccuracy when policy proposals differ sharply from existing norms. The
CBO projects that over 24m individuals will lose insurance coverage as a result of the AHCA, as older individuals and Medicaid recipients lose insurance faster than younger individuals gain it. This projection misses the power of free plans, however. The table below shows how much different age groups might pay for coverage under the AHCA, with prices based on 2017 ACA exchange prices for states with
low (Oregon), medium (Ohio), and high (Nebraska) insurance costs [1]. As the table shows, the AHCA tax credits can provide catastrophic coverage to the majority of Americans below age 45.
|
Monthly Cost after AHCA Tax Credit
(Plan cost as found on healthcare.gov, cheapest available plan) |
State |
Age 20 |
Age 30 |
Age 40 |
Age 50 |
Age 60 |
Family Ages 40,10,8 |
Family Ages 30,30,5,3 |
Oregon (Low Cost State, Zip 97035 Used) |
Free ($112) |
Free ($208) |
Free ($234) |
$35 ($327) |
$160 ($493) |
Free
($466) |
Free
($648) |
Ohio (Medium Cost State, Zip 43004 Used) |
Free ($121) |
$12 ($216) |
Free ($244) |
$49 ($341) |
$186 ($519) |
Free
($487) |
Free
($677) |
Nebraska (High Cost State, Zip 68010 Used) |
Free ($131) |
$66 ($274) |
$59 ($309) |
$139 ($431) |
$323 ($656) |
$33 ($616) |
$105 ($855) |
Using the information compiled above, we can estimate the change in uninsured rates for each of the groups in the chart below. For age groups below 40, the uninsured rate is projected to drop close to the same level as that of children below 19, since these groups will have access to free plans paid for by tax credits (and insurance companies will market these subsidized free plans mercilessly). For age groups above 45, the uninsured rate will rise, though not quite to pre-ACA levels, when no support was provided.

The CBO estimates that 14 million Americans will lose Medicaid coverage, and that 9 million more will lose either individual or employer-based coverage.
Using
population estimates for 2026, I calculate that the number of insured Americans aged 19-34 rises by 7 million, aged 35-44 rises by roughly 2 million, and aged 45-64 drops by roughly 2 million [2]. While it’s important to note that these plans will be much less generous than ACA-subsidized plans, the total number of insured actually rises by around 7 million under these estimates. The GOP will have installed universal, nearly-free catastrophic plans as the future of American health care – if the AHCA passes, as Mssrs. Trump and Ryan continue their struggle to get it through Congress.
[1] The 2017 ACA prices are a reasonable guide as the Trump administration plans to relax the essential benefits associated with plans, and to widen the max price differential between plans for young and old. The risk pool under the AHCA will also likely be healthier, as young, healthy Americans will be drawn into free AHCA plans – because they are free.
[2] Roughly 23% of the population is aged 19-34, and a 9% point drop in uninsured rate for this group in 2026, translates to a rise of 7m more insured Americans. A similar calculation for the 35-44 group yields another 2m insured Americans, while the 2.5% rise in uninsured among older Americans yields a loss of insurance for 2 million. The CBO appears not to contemplate that many of those losing Medicaid will receive tax credits sufficient to provide them with free catastrophic plans, as shown in the table above. This mitigates the Medicaid cuts to some extent.
[3] The original chart above can be found here at the CommonWealth Fund.
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One change to the AHCA I should note – the latest version ends the contribution of excess tax credits into HSAs for recipients. This is a very unfortunate change, because leaving it in place would have enabled many families to cushion the risk experienced under a high-deductible plan.